Assam CEE Result 2025 – ASTU declared the Assam CEE 2025 results on May 15, 2025. The results have been declared online at astu.ac.in. Alternatively, the candidate can check Assam CEE results by following the link that will be provided here.
Log in to the result portal using your application number and password.
Assam CEE 2025 result will include details like sectional score, total score, and the merit rank of candidates. The scores of the exam will be used to shortlist candidates for Assam CEE 2025 counseling. Seat allotment will be based on Assam 2025 merit rank.
The results of Assam CEE 2025 are out. This is what the result log-in window looks like:
Assam CEE Result 2025
The important dates for Assam CEE 2025 result and related events are given below.
Events
Dates
Assam CEE 2025 exam
April 27, 2025 (11 am – 2 pm)
Release of Provisional Answer Keys
April 27, 2025 (6 pm)
Window to Challenge the provisional answer key
April 27 – April 29 (6 pm), 2025
Declaration of Assam CEE 2025 Results
May 15, 2025 (OUT)
Assam CEE 2025 Counseling
Ongoing
How to Check Assam CEE Result 2025
Assam Science & Technological University (ASTU) declared the results of Assam CEE 2025 at astu.ac.in. The results have been declared online; hardcopies will not be sent to the candidate.
To check the Assam CEE 2025 results, follow these steps:
The Assam CEE 2025 merit rank will be generated by considering the TOTAL marks secured by the candidate in all three subjects – Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. Further, the results will be compiled based on the Assam CEE 2025 (FINAL) answer key.
The merit ranks will be released category-wise.
Candidates who are ranked higher in the merit lists will have a better chance of being allotted a seat at the time of Assam CEE 2025 counseling process.
Details included in Assam CEE Result 2025
The Assam CEE 2025 scorecard will carry the following information.
Subject-wise Scores
TOTAL score
Category-wise merit rank
Open rank
Candidate’s name and roll number
Photograph
Signature
Assam CEE Result 2025 – Tie-breaker Rule
In case two or more candidates secure the same marks in the Assam CEE 2025 exam, the following tie-breaker rule will be adopted to decide the merit ranks.
The candidate will higher marks in Mathematics will get preference
If tie still persists, candidate with higher marks in Physics will get preference
If tie is still undecided, candidate with higher marks in Chemistry will get preference
If there is still a deadlock, Date of Birth and Alphabetical order of name will be taken into account.
Assam CEE Result 2025 – Weeding Out Rules
Records of the Assam CEE 2025 exam will only be preserved only till the completion of Assam CEE 2025 counseling.
So, make sure that you download all essential documents – answer key, scorecard, appointment letter, etc., before the deadline.
Candidates are shortlisted for counseling based on Assam CEE 2026 scores.
Shortlisted candidates had to register for counseling from June 16-28, 2025. The seat allotment for Round I was declared on July 11, 2025. Seat allotment for Round II is scheduled for July 24, 2025.
BITSAT Result 2025 – BITS Pilani conducted the BITSAT 2025 exam (Session 2) from June 22-26, 2025.
Candidates appearing in the exam can check their BITSAT results immediately after the exam. At the completion of test, the computer will announce the result in terms of the number of total correct answers and wrong answers, with the BITSAT 2025 score.
NOTE that you will be allowed to logout of the test only after entering the BITSAT 2025 scored marks in the test window.
You cannot logout without entering the correct scored marks in the test window. This activity confirms that you have checked your marks before logging out of the test window. The candidate can also check and download the BITSAT 2025 score report at the BITS admission website after a few days of the test date. The scores of the exam will be used to shortlist candidates for BITSAT 2025 counseling.
Also, BITS Pilani will not release any answer keys for BITSAT 2025 exam.
If you appear twice in BITSAT-2025, then the higher of the two scores will be considered for admission.
BITSAT result was released on the computer immediately after the exam.
The scores were also made available on the BITSAT portal within a few days of the exam date.
Counseling – Release of Admit list and Waitlist announcement after Iteration-I.
July 9, 2025
July 9, 2025
How to Check BITSAT 2025 Result
The candidate can check BITSAT result 2025 by following the steps mentioned below.
The computer will announce (display) the BITSAT result after the completion of the exam.
The BITSAT 2025 result will include details like: 1) the number of total correct answers 2) the number of wrong answers, and 3) BITSAT 2025 score
The candidate must logout of the test only after entering the scored marks in the test window. In fact, the candidate cannot logout without entering the correct scored marks in the test window. This activity confirms that the student has checked his/her marks before logging out of the test window.
The candidate can also check the score report at the BITS admission website after a few days of the test date. The candidate can also take a printout of the score report for any further usage.
If two or more candidates score the same marks, the tie will be decided in the following sequence:
Scores obtained in Mathematics / Biology (For B. Pharm.) in BITSAT-2025 will be considered.
If the tie still exists, then scores in Physics in BITSAT-2025 will be considered.
If the tie exists even further, it will be eliminated using scores in Chemistry.
Further, their PCM/PCB (for B.Pharm.) total marks in the 12th examination will be considered for their separation.
Finally, the tie is eliminated preferring the female candidate and the oldest application is considered first, in case of further tie.
BITSAT Merit List 2025
A candidate who appears in the first session or both sessions of BITSAT-2025 is eligible for admission only if he/she gets the required minimum marks in PCM in the 10+2 exam.
All candidates who appeared in the first or second session or both the sessions of BITSAT-2025 must submit an Admission Application Form with 10+2 marks and preferences to different degree programmes offered at Pilani, K K Birla Goa and Hyderabad campuses, starting from June 1-30, 2025 (tentative).
The merit position of such eligible candidates (i.e., those who have appeared in BITSAT-2025 and who have submitted the application for admission in the prescribed form with the 12th marks, preferences and the required fees) will be prepared on the basis of their scores in BITSAT-2025.
BITSAT Counseling 2025 – BITS Pilani released the BITSAT 2025 Admit list and Waitlist announcement after Iteration-I on July 9, 2025. The allotment has been released online at bitsadmission.com.
Candidates who have been allotted seats need to pay the seat-acceptance fee by July 14, 2025.
Candidates who have qualified in the BITSAT 2025 exam are eligible to participate in the counseling process. As part of the counseling process, the candidate will have to pay the BITSAT 2025 counseling fee.
Candidates with 12th Marks and Preferences of Program 1 can apply from June 1-30, 2025. Editing of Marks/Preferences in the application form is allowed from July 3-5, 2025.
The BITSAT 2025 admit list and waitlist after Iteration-I will be released on July 9, 2025. Candidates who are allotted seats must accept their seats and pay the seat-acceptance/ advance fee by July 14, 2025.
BITSAT 2025 seat allotment will be based on BITSAT 2025 merit rank, preference opted, category, and seat availability. State Board toppers will be eligible for direct admission.
How to Check and Download BITSAT 2025 Iteration Result
BITS Pilani released the BITSAT-2025 Iteration-01 Results of admission to First Degree (B.E., M.Sc., B.Pharm.) on July 9, 2025.
Candidates who have completed their Preference form (counseling/admission) by successfully paying the requisite fees must use the new login credentials communicated to them on their BITSAT-2025 registered email ID to check the iteration status.
Here is the step-wise process to check the BITSAT 2025-26 Iteration – 1 Results.
Go to the seat allotment portal – Click Here
In the log-in window that opens, enter your Application Number and Password which you have received from BITS.
On successful log-in, you can view the Iteration – 1 Results
Download the results.
BITSAT 2025 Iteration Result Log-in Window
This is what the log-in window for check BITSAT 2025 iteration results looks like:
BITSAT Counselling 2025 – Stepwise Process
The counseling process for BITSAT 2025 will START soon after the Session 2 exams are over. The BITSAT 2025 counseling link will be provided here once it starts.
Candidates who have qualified in the exam need to apply for admission with 12th Marks and Preferences of Program from June 1-30, 2025. The candidate is also allowed to edit marks and preferences in the application form from July 3 to July 5, 2025.
Based on the merit rank of the candidate in the BITSAT 2025 exam, seat intake, and a few other factors, the BITSAT 2025 seat allotment will be announced.
Candidates who are allotted seats must pay the seat-acceptance fee within the given deadline. Or else, the allotment will be cancelled and allocated to the candidate next to the order in merit.
Admit list and Waitlist announcement after Iteration-I will be announced on July 9, 2025. Meanwhile, the deadline for accepting the offer along with payment of fee/advance is July 14, 2025.
BITSAT 2025 counselling – Document Checklist
The candidate will need the following documents for the counseling process.
BITS Pilani will announce the BITSAT 2025 seat allotment/iteration results online for each round of counseling.
To check the seat allotment of BITSAT 2025, follow these steps.
Go to the BITSAT 2025 exam portal – bitsadmission.com
Click on the iteration link
Log in to the BITSAT 2025 application number and password
The seat allotment status will be displayed on the screen
Download and take a printout of the scorecard.
BITSAT Counseling 2025 – Direct Admission to Board Toppers
BITSAT admission process ensures guaranteed admission to all the students who have obtained first ranks in their respective board examinations.
First rank students of State and Central boards in India for the year 2025 will be given direct admission to the program of their choice, irrespective of their BITSAT-2025 score as per the eligibility criteria.
The detailed eligibility criteria, application procedure, and prescribed application form will be available tentatively by third week of June 2025 at www.bitsadmission.com.
BITSAT Result 2025
The results of the BITSAT 2025 exam can be checked immediately after the exam. The computer system will display the BITSAT 2025 results in the form of number of total correct answers and wrong answers, with the BITSAT 2025 score.
After completion of the test, the candidates will be able to logout of the test only after entering the scored marks in the test window. They cannot logout without entering the correct scored marks in the test window. This activity confirms that the student has checked his/her marks before logging out of the test window.
The candidate can also check the score report at the BITS admission website after a few days of the test date. The candidate can also take a printout of the score report for any further usage.
BITSAT 2026 Scholarships
For First Degree (FD) students – According to information released by BITS Pilani, every year about 25% of students admitted to First Degree Program get semester tuition fee waivers in the range between 10% to 100% in the form of either merit or merit-cum need scholarships as tabulated below:
Under Institute’s own merit award scheme
Amount of scholarship
Top 2% Students
100% of total tuition fee
The next top 1% Students
50% of total tuition fee
Under Institute’s own merit-cum-need awards scheme
Candidates who were allotted seats has to pay the seat-acceptance by July 14, 2025.
BITSAT 2025 (Session 2) exam was held from June 22-26, 2025. The exam was held in a computer-based mode and includes 130 questions. Each question carries 3 marks, while -1 mark will be deducted for an incorrect attempt.
The BITSAT 2025 result is released immediately after the completion of the exam. The total number of correct and wrong attempts, along with the score are displayed on the computer system. The BITSAT 2025 scorecard can also be checked and downloaded at the BITS admission website after a few days of the test date.
The BITSAT 2025 exam is conducted in TWO sessions. The candidate can appear in any or both the sessions. The Session 1 exam was conducted from May 26-30, 2025. The application form of BITSAT 2025 (Session 2) is now closed.
The BITSAT 2025 exam will be conducted in TWO sessions – 1 and 2. The important dates for both sessions are given below.
Event/ Dates
Session 1
Session 2
START of BITSAT 2025 application form (Open)
January 21, 2025
May 26, 2025
Deadline to apply
April 24, 2025
June 10, 2025
Window to edit BITSAT 2025 application form
April 29 – May 1, 2025
June 13-14, 2025
Test City Allotment
May 13, 2025
June 16, 2025
Slot Booking
May 13-16, 2025
June 16-17, 2025
Download Hall Ticket
May 23, 2025
June 20, 2025 (OUT)
BITSAT 2025 Exam
May 26-30, 2025
June 22-26, 2025
Declaration of Results
Can be checked immediately after the exam on the computer system
Scorecard download date to be notified
Can be checked immediately after the exam on the computer system
Scorecard download date to be notified
BITSAT Exam Hall Ticket 2025
BITS Pilani released the admit card of BITSAT 2025 (Session 2) on June 20, 2025. The admit card was released online at the admission portal of the institute. The admit card for Session 1 was released May 23, 2025.
The direct link to download the admit card was provided above.
To download the hall ticket, log in to the portal using your application number and password.
The candidate will need the BITSAT exam hall ticket and a valid photo ID proof for entry into the BITSAT 2025 exam hall. The admit card will carry details like roll number, BITSAT 2025 exam center details, date, time and slot for the exam, reporting time, and exam-day guidelines.
Preserve the admit card until the admission process is over.
BITSAT 2025 Test Date and Slot Booking
The candidate had to book BITSAT 2025 test date and slot from June 16-17, 2025. The slot booking process was open online at the BITSAT 2025 exam portal – bitsadmission.com.
Note that it is mandatory to book slots, or else the candidate won’t be issued the BITSAT 2025 admit card and consequently can’t sit in the BITSAT exam.
BITSAT Exam Application Form 2025
The application form for BITSAT 2025 is now closed for Session 2.
Session 2 applications were accepted from May 26 to June 10, 2025. Session 1 applications was accepted from January 21 to April 24, 2025.
The BITSAT application form 2025 has to be completed online. The link to apply for BITSAT 2025 is provided above.
As part of the application process, the candidate will have to fill in the application form, enter personal, academic, and contact details, select a BITSAT 2025 exam center, and pay the application fee.
The candidate is also be required to choose the test date and exam slot.
BITSAT 2025 will be organized in two sets of dates, BITSAT Session-1 and BITSAT Session-2
When filling out the form, the candidate can opt to appear in BITSAT Session-1 or both.
If the candidate instead wishes to appear in Session 2, then they will have to wait until fresh registrations opens for Session-2. Already registered candidates don’t need to register again, but they can opt for Session 2, if they haven’t already.
BITSAT 2025 Application Fee
The category-wise application fee for BITSAT 2025 is given below. Note that the application fee is non-refundable and non-transferable.
Category
Application Fees
Candidates appears only in one session (Session 1 or 2)
Appear in both sessions
Male
INR 3500
INR 5500
Female/ Transgender
INR 3000
INR 4500
BITSAT Application Form 2025 – Document Checklist
Document
Size
Format
Photograph
50 KB to 100 KB
JPEG/JPG
Signature
10 KB to 100 KB
JPEG/JPG
BITSAT Exam Pattern 2025
Candidates appearing in the BITSAT exam are urged to carefully go through the BITSAT 2025 exam pattern given in the table below.
Particulars
Description
Mode of the exam
Computer Based Online test
Language
English
Type of Questions
Objective MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)
Subjects
The BITSAT 2025 question paper will have four sections. Part I : Physics Part II : Chemistry Part III : (a) English Proficiency and (b) Logical Reasoning Part IV : Mathematics or Biology (For B.Pharm candidates)
Duration
3 Hours
Time limit
There is no time limit for individual parts of the test.
The candidate can go back and change any of his/her answers among the 130 questions.
Total Number of Questions
130
Marking Scheme
+3 marks for a correct attempt -1 mark for an incorrect answer
Extra Questions
If a candidate answers all the 130 questions (without skipping any question), they have an option of attempting 12 (twelve) extra questions, if there is still time left.
These extra questions will be from Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics/ Biology and Logical Reasoning only; three questions from each of them.
But note that, once the candidate has opted for extra questions, they can’t go back for correction of any of the earlier answered 130 questions.
The BITSAT exam is conducted in 74 cities across India. The name and address of the BITSAT 2025 exam center allocated to the candidate is mentioned on the admit card.
The candidate has to select their choice of exam city at the time of filling out the BITSAT application form.
On the day of the exam, the candidate must report to the exam center with their admit card and a valid ID proof.
BITSAT Exam Answer Key 2025
BITS Pilani will not release any official answer keys of BITSAT 2025.
However, some of the coaching institutes may release unofficial answer keys. The candidate can use these keys to asses their probable marks. But remember that, unofficial keys can’t be treated as the correct answers to questions asked in the entrance exam.
The official version of the answers may be sometime different.
So, the probable score calculated by the candidate using the unofficial BITSAT 2025 answer key may be different from the actual score.
The other thing is the unofficial answer key will be prepared using memory-based questions, meaning there is always scope for some mistakes.
BITSAT Exam Result 2025
The result of the BITSAT 2025 exam is made available immediately after the exam. The computer system displays the total number of correct and incorrect attempts, and also the BITSAT 2025 score.
The candidate must logout of the test only after they have entered the BITSAT 2025 scored marks in the test window. If the candidate enters incorrect scores, they won’t be able to logout. This is meant to ensure the candidate has correctly checked their scores before logging out.
The BITSAT 2025 scorecard can be downloaded within a few days after the test date.
BITSAT Exam Counseling 2025
BITS Pilani conducted BITSAT 2025 counselling after the results were declared. Candidates were shortlisted for the counseling based on the BITSAT 2025 scores.
The Admit list and Waitlist announcement after Iteration-I of BITSAT 2025 counseling was released on July 9, 2025. Candidates who are allotted have to pay the seat-acceptance fee by July 14, 2025.
The allotment of seats is based on BITSAT exam merit rank, availability of seats, total applicants, etc. Candidates who have been allotted seats must pay the seat-acceptance fee and confirm their fees. If the fee is not paid by the given deadline, the allotment will be cancelled. Also, the vacant seat will be allocated to the candidate next in the order of merit.
BITSAT Cut-off 2025
The opening and closing ranks for BITSAT 2025 will be available at the time of the counseling and seat allotment process.
It is mandatory for candidates to meet BITSAT 2025 cut-off or else they will not be considered for admission. In fact, the cut-off represents the last rank for which seat allotment is made.
The cut-off will be released institute-wise for all the courses.
The cut-off will depend on factors like number of applicants, BITSAT 2025 merit rank of these applicants, institute and program applied for the candidate for admission, seat intake, etc.
JEE Main Answer Key 2025 – The NTA has released the answer keys of JEE Main 2025 for both Session 1 and Session 2. The provisional answer key was released first, followed by the FINAL answer key.
The JEE Main 2025 recorded response sheet was released alongside the provisional answer key. The recorded responses and response sheet and answer key could be used to calculate probable scores. Next, consult the JEE Main 2025 cut-off to evaluate your chances of admission.
NTA also allowed candidates to challenge the provisional answer key.
The JEE Main 2025 final key was released after considering feedback given by the candidate against the provisional key.
Keep reading to learn more about the JEE Main 2025 answer key.
No log-in is required to download JEE Main FINAL answer key.
However, to download the provisional answer key, recorded responses, and question paper, the candidate must log-in to the candidate portal using the following credentials:
JEE Main 2025 application number Password
How to calculate probable scores
Using the recorded responses and answer keys, the candidate can first calculate the number of correct attempts.
Then, using the official marking scheme calculate the probable score.
Enter your JEE Main 2025 application number and password
On successful log-in, you can download the answer key in PDF format.
How to Challenge JEE Main Answer Key
To submit objections against the provisional answer key of JEE Main, the candidate has to follow these steps:
Go to the JEE Main exam portal – jeemain.nta.nic.in
Click on the ‘Challenge (s) regarding Answer Key’ link
In the log-in window that opens, enter your application number and password.
Click ‘Challenge (s) regarding Answer Key’
You will see the Question IDs in the below sequential order for JEE (Main) – 2025 Session 1 or 2
Paper 2 A (B. Arch)
25+50 Questions
Mathematics/ Aptitude Test
Paper 2 B (B. Planning)
25+50+25 Questions
Mathematics/ Aptitude Test/ Planningbased objective type MCQs
The ID next to the question under the column ‘Correct Option’ stands for the most appropriate Answer Key by NTA.
If you wish to challenge this option, you may use any one or more of the Option IDs given in the next four columns by clicking the check box
You may upload supporting documents for which you can select ‘Choose File and Upload (all documents to be put in a single PDF file).
Next, scroll down and ‘Save you claim’ and move on to the next screen
You will see a display of all the Option IDs you have challenged.
Click on ‘Save your claim and Pay Fee finally’.
Select the Mode of Payment and Pay a non-refundable processing fee @ ₹ 200/- for each question challenged. Make payment through Debit / Credit Card / Net Banking.
JEE Main Answer Key – 2025
Exam Session
Answer Key Download Link
JEE (Main) – 2025 (Session 2)Final Answer Keys as on 17.04.2025Paper 1 – B.E. / B.Tech
The National Education Policy was introduced in 2020 with the goal to revolutionize the educational landscape in the country. Read the salient features of the policy, roadblocks in its implementation, and other key details.
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is a reformative initiative introduced by the Government of India that seeks to overhaul the prevalent education system.
NEP 2020, which was introduced on July 29, 2020, replaces the 1986 National Policy on Education. NEP 2020 emphasizes universal access to quality education. The policy seeks to restructure the school curriculum, emphasize foundational literacy, multilingualism, and technology integration.
Built on a flexible and holistic approach, it focuses on teacher training, competency-based assessments, and a multidisciplinary higher education system.
The ultimate aim of the policy is to create a modern, inclusive, and globally competitive education system in the country.
Note that the policy currently faces many obstacles in its implementation:
Table of Contents
Key Goals of the NEP 2020:
It seeks to provide universal access to quality education from early childhood to higher education.
The emphasis is on foundational literacy and numeracy, so as to ensure that the child attains basic reading and mathematics competencies by Grade 3.
Importantly, the policy also aims to restructure school education with a 5+3+3+4 curricular framework to ensure flexibility and age-appropriate learning.
The NEP 2020 is the 1st education policy of the 21st century.
The policy seeks to revamp and modernize the education landscape so that it reflects the desires and aspirations of an emerging India and is equitable and accessible.
The policy seeks to revise and revamp all aspects of the education structure.
Curricular and Pedagogical Structure
NEP proposes to replace the existing 10+2 structure with a 5+3+3+4 structure for school education.
Key Objectives/ Features of NEP 2020
To ensure holistic education
Make sure that students irrespective of their economic background have access to quality education
Provide affordable and quality education for all
Bring transparency and accountability to the education system
The NEP 2020 policy seeks to replace the existing 10+2 structure in school education with a new pedagogical and curricular restructuring of 5+3+3+4 covering ages 3-18.
Previous academic structure (10+2 structure)
New Pedagogical & Curricular Structure (5+3+3+4 structure)
2 years (Ages 16-18)
Secondary (Ages14-18) 4 years (Class 9 to 12)
10 years (Ages 6-16)
Middle (Ages 11-14) 3 years (Class 6 to 8)
–
Preparatory (Ages 8-11) 3 years (Class 3 to 5)
Foundational (Ages 3-8) 2 years (Class 1 to 2) (Ages 6-8) 3 years (Anganwadi/ preschool/Balvatika) (Ages 3-6)
NEP 2020 – Highlights
Parameters
Description
Foundational Literacy
Focus on play-based and activity-based learning in the foundational stage (ages 3-8). Seeks to improve cognitive faculties through early childhood education.
Medium of Instruction
Promotes multilingualism and mother tongue as the medium of instruction. Reckons that cognitive abilities will improve if one learns in one’s mother tongue.
Higher Education Reforms
Holistic and multidisciplinary approach to higher education. Integration of vocational education into mainstream education. Establishment of a National Research Foundation (NRF) to promote research-oriented culture.
Teacher Training and Professional Development
Recognizes that teachers are instrumental in shaping the education system. Proposal for the National Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST). Ensure that there is continuous professional development for teachers.
Technology Integration
Creation of the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF).Promote technology integration in teaching and learning processes.Make education accessible through online and digital resources.
Assessment and Examination Reforms
Replace rote learning with competency-based and continuous assessment. Give priority to formative assessments over board exams.
Flexible Higher Education System
Credit-based system proposed to give students the flexibility in choosing courses. Promotion of autonomous degree-granting colleges and universities.
Governance and Administration:
National Education Commission (NEC) as the apex body proposed Coordination of efforts, monitoring policy implementation, and addressing challenges.
Challenges faced in the Implementation of NEC 2020:
While the introduction of the NEC 2020 was seen as a landmark initiative, it has also faced pushback from various quarters, thus acting as a roadblock in its implementation.
Here are some of the challenges faced by the policy.
If there are different governments at the center and state, they are many instances where they are at loggerheads regarding the implementation. For instance, the TN government continues to oppose the implementation of the NEP 2020 citing the three-language policy (which is applicable at the school level). Opponents of the policy insist that schools should be given the freedom to teach as many languages they want. There is also opposition related to the structural changes that have been made to higher education programs.
and structural changes made to the higher educational program.
Educational institutions and other stakeholders need a lot of convincing and also training.
Other challenges in the implementation of the policy include financial constraints, infrastructure limitations, and resistance to change.
NEP 2020 will make India a Global Education Hub – Dharmendra Pradhan
The Union Education minister, Mr. Dharmendra Pradhan, while speaking at an event titled ‘Mumbai Rising: Creating an International Education City’ in Mumbai, on June 15, 2025, said that the NEP 2025 will help propel India into a global study destination.
He insisted that the NEP 2020 promotes affordable and premium education, which is a game changer.
In recent times, many foreign universities have opened their branches in India, including University of York, University of Aberdeen, University of Western Australia, Illinois Institute of Technology and Instituto Europeo Di Design (IED), Italy. This he said is on account of the NEP 2020, and also to some extent the growing trust in Indian education system.
Engineering Colleges in Assam – Candidates seeking admission to engineering colleges today have a number of options before them.
At the top of the list is IIT Guwahati, which is ranked 7 among the engineering colleges in NIRF India 2024 Rankings.
NIT Silchar can be another popular destination for the student.
Then there are state engineering colleges like Assam Engineering College, Guwahati, and Jorhat Engineering College. These two are the oldest engineering colleges in the stage, and also amongst the most prestigious.
Admission to the top engineering colleges in Assam will through exams like Assam CEE 2025 exam, JEE Main 2025, and JEE Advanced.
ASTU conducted the Assam CEE 2025 exam on April 27, 2025. The results of the exam were declared on May 15, 2025. The scores of the exam are used to shortlist candidates for Assam CEE counseling and seat allotment.
UG Admission – Click Here PG Courses: 1. M.E. in Soil Mechanics/Geotechnical Engineering (18 Seats)2. M.E. in Watershed Management and Flood Control (18 Seats)3. M.E. in Electrical Engineering (18 Seats)4. M.E. in Mechanical Engineering (18 Seats)
Silchar Polytechnic Admission Procedure – Read Here Admission test will be held in all the Polytechnics of Assam on the subject Science and Mathematics on the date and time as notified by the DTE. There will be one question paper of Science and Mathematics of 100 marks of 2 hours duration.The question paper will be H.S.L.C. level.
TG EAPCET Result 2025 – Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH) declared the results of TG EAPCET 2025 exam on May 11, 2025. The results have been declared for both the Engineering (E) and Agriculture & Pharmacy (A&P) streams.
TG EAPCET 2025 exam for Agriculture and Pharmacy stream was held on April 29 & 30, and for Engineering stream from May 2 to 5.
To download the scorecard, log-in to the result portal using your registration number, TG EAPCET 2025 hall ticket number, and date of birth. The TG EAPCET 2025 scorecard will carry details like the total and sectional marks, merit rank, and the qualifying status of the candidate. Candidates who qualify in the exam will be eligible to participate in the TG EAPCET 2025 counseling process.
The direct link to check the results will also be provided here.
Credentials required to check TG EAPCET 2025 results
EAPCET Hall Ticket Number Registration Number Date of Birth
Details included in the TG EAPCET 2025 scorecard
The scorecard of TG EAPCET 2025 will carry the following information:
Subject-wise marks Total Marks Merit Ranks Qualifying Status
Qualifying marks for TG EAPCET 2025
25%
However, for candidates belonging to SC / ST, no minimum qualifying mark is prescribed.
But their admission will be limited to the extent of seats reserved for such categories
TG EAPCET 2025 Result Log-in Window
The result log-in window for the TG EAPCET 2025 exam is given below.
How to check TG EAPCET 2025 result
The results of TG EAPCET 2025 will be declared online at eapcet.tgche.ac.in. The candidate need to follow these steps to download the TG EAPCET 2025 scorecard.
The scorecard of TG EAPCET 2025 will carry the following information.
The candidate’s name
Parents’ name
Date of birth
Total and sectional marks secured in TG EAPCET 2025
Open and category-wise merit rank
Qualifying status
TG EAPCET 2025 hall ticket and registration numbers
TG EAPCET Toppers 2025
TG EAPCET Result 2025 – Normalization Procedure
TG EAPCET 2025 was conducted in multiple sessions based on the same syllabus, same pattern. However, since the TG EAPCET 2025 question paper is different for each session, there is bound to be variations in the difficulty levels of question papers across sessions. The normalization seeks to eliminate any such variations in the difficulty levels of various sessions.
The main aim of the normalization is to ensure that no student gets advantage/disadvantage due to multiple sessions. The normalization process brings all the candidates across all sessions on a comparative scale. Due to this process, the marks of the easy session may be reduced marginally and marks of hard session may increase marginally on the global scale.
Hence, the following normalization procedure is adopted:
TG EAPCET Result 2025 – Tiebreaker Procedure
In case of more than one student securing the same combined score, the tie will be resolved based on the following criteria.
TG EAPCET 2025 Result Tie-Breaker – Engineering (E)
The following criteria will be used to break a tie for engineering applicants securing the same marks in TG EAPCET 2025.
The total normalized marks secured in TG EAPCET 2025
The normalized marks secured in Mathematics in TG EAPCET 2025
The normalized marks secured in Physics in TG EAPCET 2025
If the tie still persists, the date of birth of the concerned candidates will be taken into account. The older candidate will be given preference over the younger.
TG EAPCET 2025 Result Tie-Breaker – Agriculture and Pharmacy (A & P)
For the Agriculture and Pharmacy (A & P) stream, the following tie-breaking policy will be adopted.
The total Normalized marks secured in TG EAPCET 2025
The Marks secured in Biology in TG EAPCET 2025
The marks secured in Physics in TG EAPCET 2025
If the tie still persists the date of birth of the concerned candidates, the older being given
CBSE Class 10 board exam 2025 – The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has released the supplementary date sheet of CBSE 10th Board Exam 2025. The supplementary exams will be held from July 15 to July 22, 2025.
The Date Sheet of CBSE class 10 Board exam (supplementary) has been released.
The exam will be held in a pen-and-paper mode. Candidates can download the CBSE date sheet 2025 Class 10 PDF download from the official website – cbse gov in. The CBSE 10th admit card 2025 for the supplementary exams will be released a few days before the exam. The admit card has to be collected from the school.
Note that starting next year, the CBSE 10th board exam will be conducted in TWO sessions – February and May. The February session will be mandatory, while the May session will be optional.
The CBSE 10th practice questions and CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers 2025 are released at cbseacademic.in.
The CBSE Class 10 board exams are conducted by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). The exam is conducted in a pen-and-paper mode once every year. Candidates can appear in the CBSE Class 10 board exam after studying a year in Class 10. To appear in the exam, the candidate will have to complete registration formalities and pay the exam fees.
The Central Board of Secondary Education releases the official syllabus and sample papers for the exam. Students appearing in the CBSE 2025 class 10th board exam are recommended to strictly follow the syllabus and practice sample papers to prepare for the exam.
No percentage of marks, overall division, distinction or aggregate marks will be released with CBSE Result 2025
The CBSE will not announce percentage marks nor release overall distinction, division or aggregate marks in the CBSE Class 10+2 results.
Special CBSE Board 2025 exams for students participating in sports events, Olympiad
In case of students participating in international olympiads and sports events (recognized by sports bodies SAI, BCCI, and HBCSE) and thereby unable to appear for regular CBSE 12th board exams, the CBSE will conduct the 10th board exams separately.
But note that no separate or special CBSE 2025 examination will be conducted for the compartment and practical exams. The decision of the board in this regard is aimed at promoting sports and other educational competitions among the youths.
CBSE Class 10th board exam 2025 Date Sheet
The CBSE will release the date sheet for the Class 10 2025 board exams soon. Refer to the tentative table below:
Exam Date
Day
Subject
Feb 2025
Thursday
Painting, Gurung, Rai, Tamang, Sherpa
Feb 2025
Friday
Security, Automotive, Introduction to Financial Markets, Introduction to Tourism, Beauty and wellness, Agriculture, Food Production, Front Office Operation, Banking & Insurance, Marketing & Sales, Apparel, MultiMedia, Physical Activity Trainer, Data Science, Electronics and Hardware, Design Thinking and Innovation
Feb 2025
Saturday
Hindustani Music (Melodic Instruments), Hindustani Music (Percussion Instruments), Elements of Book Keeping & Accountancy, Hindustani Music (Vocal)
English (Language and Literature), English (Communicative)
Feb 2025
Wednesday
Elements of Business, Healthcare, Retail
Mar 2025
Saturday
Science
Mar 2025
Monday
Home Science, Multi Skill Foundation Course
Mar 2025
Tuesday
Arabic, Russian, Persian, Lepcha, Persian, Nepali, Limboo, German, Carnatic Music (Melodic Instruments), Carnatic Music (Vocal), Carnatic Music (Percussion Instruments), Thai
Mar 2025
Thursday
Social Science
Mar 2025
Monday
Mathematics Standard, Mathematics Basic
Mar 2025
Wednesday
Computer Applications, Information and Technology, Artificial Intelligence
CBSE Class 10 Board Exams – Syllabus
The CBSE 10th syllabus 2025 will be released online at cbseacademic.nic.in. The syllabus is released in the form of downloadable PDF. The student needs to click on the corresponding subject-PDF to download it.
Note that the CBSE class 10 syllabus is released for all the subjects.
CBSE follows the NCERT syllabus, so questions in the exam will be framed as per the syllabus covered in the NCERT books. It is recommended that you complete the syllabus on time so that you have enough time for revision.
CBSE follows the NCERT books for class 10th while creating the board exam question papers. Students are suggested to cover the complete CBSE Class 10 Syllabus as early as possible so that they have ample time for revision.
Students preparing for the Class 10 board exams must go through the CBSE Class 10 exam pattern 2025 to get insights into the question paper, including the marking scheme, test duration, types of questions asked, chapter-wise weightage of marks, etc.
In 2023-24, the board increased the number of MCQs and reduced the number of long and short-type questions. Each subject has a different paper pattern and marking scheme. Some subjects have practicals while others only have theory papers. So, it is important that the candidate is familiar with the CBSE 10th exam pattern 2025 for the subjects he or she is appearing in.
The board will follow the official CBSE class 10 exam pattern and syllabus when framing questions for the CBSE 2025 Class 10 board exams. The CBSE class 10th paper will cover the complete syllabus of theory subjects while the internal assessment segment consists of periodic tests, notebook submission, and subject enrichment activities.
As per the minimum passing criteria released by the CBSE, the student must secure a minimum of 33% marks in both theory and practical to qualify in the exam.
Candidates appearing in BITSAT must follow the updated syllabus to prepare for the exam. BITS Pilani will conduct the BITSAT exam based on NCERT syllabus (Class 11 & 12). To paraphrase, the BITSAT 2026 syllabus will be the same as the NCERT syllabus 2026.
The direct link to download the official BITSAT syllabus 2026 pdf is given below. To download the syllabus pdf, simply click on the syllabus link; no log-in is required.
The BITSAT syllabus contains the subject-wise sections and corresponding topics that candidates need to prepare for the BITSAT entrance exam 2026. The candidate must also consult the BITSAT 2026 exam pattern to prepare for the exam.
The candidate may divide the syllabus in segments, like – easy, moderate, difficult. This way it will be easier to allocate time and resources for effective exam preparation.
Why refer to official syllabus to prepare for BITSAT
It is of paramount importance that the candidate refers to the syllabus released by BITS Pilani for BITSAT 2026 exam preparation. Here is why:
Questions in the BITSAT 2026 exam will be asked only from the official BITSAT 2026 syllabus.
That being said, please note that the BITSAT Syllabus 2026 is the same as the NCERT syllabus.
The candidate must download the BITSAT syllabus from the BITS Pilani admission portal; or they can use the link given below to download the official syllabus
The BITSAT 2026 syllabus includes the topics and topic-wise questions for all the subjects included in the BITSAT exam.
So, the candidate needs to prepare for these topics only.
The candidate mustn’t prepare for any other topics for the BITSAT 2026 exam.
If the candidate prepares for topics not included in the BITSAT syllabus 2026, they can’t expect to get questions from these topics in the exam. Consequently, such effort may go to waste.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026 – Download Here
The candidate can go through the BITSAT 2026 syllabus for each of the sections below. They may also download the syllabus using the link given below.
It is recommended that the candidate also goes through the BITSAT 2026 exam pattern along with the syllabus for in-depth exam preparation.
Units (Different systems of units, SI units, fundamental and derived units) Dimensional Analysis Precision and significant figures Fundamental measurements in Physics (Vernier calipers, screw gauge, Physical balance etc)
Kinematics
Properties of vectors Position, velocity, and acceleration vectors Motion with constant acceleration Projectile motion Uniform circular motion Relative motion
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Newton’s laws (free body diagram, resolution of forces) Motion on an inclined plane Motion of blocks with pulley systems Circular motion – centripetal force Inertial and non-inertial frames
Impulse and Momentum
Definition of impulse and momentum Conservation of momentum Collisions Momentum of a system of particles Center of mass
Work and Energy
Work done by a force Kinetic energy and work-energy theorem Power Conservative forces and potential energy Conservation of mechanical energy
Rotational Motion
Description of rotation (angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration) Rotational motion with constant angular acceleration Moment of inertia, Parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, rotational kinetic energy Torque and angular momentum Conservation of angular momentum Rolling motion
Gravitation
Newton’s law of gravitation Gravitational potential energy, Escape velocity Motion of planets – Kepler’s laws, satellite motion
Mechanics of Solids and Fluids
Elasticity Pressure, density and Archimedes’ principle Viscosity and Surface Tension Bernoulli’s theorem
Oscillations
Kinematics of simple harmonic motion Spring mass system, simple and compound pendulum Forced & damped oscillations, resonance
Waves
Progressive sinusoidal waves Standing waves in strings and pipes Superposition of waves, beats Doppler Effect
Heat and Thermodynamics
Kinetic theory of gases Thermal equilibrium and temperature Specific heat, Heat Transfer – Conduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity, Newton’s law of cooling Work, heat and first law of thermodynamics 2nd law of thermodynamics, Carnot engine – Efficiency and Coefficient of performance
Electrostatics
Coulomb’s law Electric field (discrete and continuous charge distributions) Electrostatic potential and Electrostatic potential energy Gauss’ law and its applications Electric dipole Capacitance and dielectrics (parallel plate capacitor, capacitors in series and parallel)
Current Electricity
Ohm’s law, Joule heating D.C circuits – Resistors and cells in series and parallel, Kirchoff’s laws, potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge Electrical Resistance (Resistivity, origin and temperature dependence of resistivity).
Magnetic Effect of Current
Biot-Savart’s law and its applications Ampere’s law and its applications Lorentz force, force on current carrying conductors in a magnetic field Magnetic moment of a current loop, torque on a current loop, Galvanometer and its conversion to voltmeter and ammeter
Electromagnetic Induction
Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law, eddy currents Self and mutual inductance Transformers and generators Alternating current (peak and rms value) AC circuits, LCR circuits
Optics
Laws of reflection and refraction XV Lenses and mirrors Optical instruments – telescope and microscope Interference – Huygen’s principle, Young’s double slit experiment Interference in thin films Diffraction due to a single slit Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (only qualitative ideas), Electromagnetic spectrum Polarization – states of polarization, Malus’ law, Brewster’s law
Modern Physics
Dual nature of light and matter – Photoelectric effect, De Broglie wavelength Atomic models – Rutherford’s experiment, Bohr’s atomic model Hydrogen atom spectrum Radioactivity Nuclear reactions: Fission and fusion, binding energy
Electronic Devices
Energy bands in solids (qualitative ideas only), conductors, insulators and semiconductors; Semiconductor diode – I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026 – Chemistry
Sections
Topics
States of Matter
Measurement: Physical quantities and SI units, Dimensional analysis, Precision, Significant figures. Chemical reactions: Laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory; Mole concept; Atomic, molecular and molar masses; Percentage composition empirical & molecular formula; Balanced chemical equations & stoichiometry Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points Gaseous state: Kinetic energy and molecular speeds; Gas Laws, ideal behavior, ideal gas equation, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro number, Deviation from ideal behaviour – Critical temperature, Liquefaction of gases, van der Waals equation. Liquid state: Vapour pressure, surface tension, viscosity. Solid state: Classification; Space lattices & crystal systems; Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell – Cubic & hexagonal systems; Close packing; Crystal structures: Simple AB and AB2 type ionic crystals, covalent crystals – diamond & graphite, metals. Voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, Imperfections- Point defects, non-stoichiometric crystals; Electrical, magnetic and dielectric properties; Amorphous solids – qualitative description. Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators, and n- and p- type semiconductors.
Atomic Structure
Introduction: Subatomic particles; Atomic number, isotopes and isobars, Thompson’s model and its limitations, Rutherford’s picture of atom and its limitations; Hydrogen atom spectrum and Bohr model and its limitations. Quantum mechanics: Wave-particle duality – de Broglie relation, Uncertainty principle; Hydrogen atom: Quantum numbers and wave functions, atomic orbitals and their shapes (s, p, and d), Spin quantum number. XVI Many electron atoms: Pauli exclusion principle; Aufbau principle and the electronic configuration of atoms, Hund’s rule.
Periodicity and Bonding
Brief history of the development of periodic tables Periodic law and the modern periodic table; Types of elements: s, p, d, and f blocks; Periodic trends: ionization energy, atomic, and ionic radii, inert gas radii, electron affinity, electronegativity and valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100. Valence electrons, Ionic Bond: Lattice Energy and Born-Haber cycle; Covalent character of ionic bonds and polar character of covalent bond, bond parameters Molecular Structure: Lewis picture & resonance structures, VSEPR model & molecular shapes Covalent Bond: Valence Bond Theory- Orbital overlap, Directionality of bonds & hybridization (s, p & d orbitals only), Resonance; Molecular orbital theory- Methodology, Orbital energy level diagram, Bond order, Magnetic properties for homonuclear diatomic species (qualitative idea only). Dipole moments; Hydrogen Bond
Thermodynamics
Basic Concepts: Systems and surroundings; State functions; Intensive & Extensive Properties; Zeroth Law and Temperature First Law of Thermodynamics: Work, internal energy, heat, enthalpy, heat capacities and specific heats, measurements of ∆U and ∆H, Enthalpies of formation, phase transformation, ionization, electron gain; Thermochemistry; Hess’s Law, Enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, atomization, sublimation, solution and dilution Second Law: Spontaneous and reversible processes; entropy; Gibbs free energy related to spontaneity and non-spontaneity, non-mechanical work; Standard free energies of formation, free energy change and chemical equilibrium
Physical and Chemical Equilibria
Concentration Units: Mole Fraction, Molarity, and Molality Solutions: Solubility of solids and gases in liquids, Vapour Pressure, Raoult’s law, Relative lowering of vapor pressure, depression in freezing point; elevation in boiling point; osmotic pressure, determination of molecular mass; solid solutions, abnormal molecular mass, van’t Hoff factor. Equilibrium: Dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action. Physical Equilibrium: Equilibria involving physical changes (solid-liquid, liquid-gas, solid-gas). Chemical Equilibria: Equilibrium constants (KP, KC), Factors affecting equilibrium, Le- Chatelier’s principle. Ionic Equilibria: Strong and Weak electrolytes, Acids and Bases (Arrhenius, Lewis, Lowry and Bronsted) and their dissociation; degree of ionization, Ionization of Water; ionization of polybasic acids, pH; Buffer solutions; Henderson equation, Acid-base titrations; Hydrolysis; Solubility Product of Sparingly Soluble Salts; Common Ion Effect. Factors Affecting Equilibria: Concentration, Temperature, Pressure, Catalysts, Significance of ΔG and ΔG0 in Chemical Equilibria.
Electrochemistry
Redox Reactions: Oxidation-reduction reactions (electron transfer concept); Oxidation number; Balancing of redox reactions; Electrochemical cells and cell reactions; Standard electrode potentials; EMF of Galvanic cells; Nernst equation; Factors affecting the electrode potential; Gibbs energy change and cell potential; Secondary cells; dry cells, Fuel cells; Corrosion and its prevention. XVII Electrolytic Conduction: Electrolytic Conductance; Specific and molar conductivities; variations of conductivity with concentration, Kolhrausch’s Law and its application, Electrolysis, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis; Electrode potential and electrolysis.
Chemical Kinetics
Aspects of Kinetics: Rate and Rate expression of a reaction; Rate constant; Order and molecularity of the reaction; Integrated rate expressions and half-life for zero and first order reactions. Factor Affecting the Rate of the Reactions: Concentration of the reactants, catalyst; size of particles, Temperature dependence of rate constant concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment); Activation energy, Arrhenius Equation. Surface Chemistry: Adsorption – physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gasses on solids; catalysis: homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis, colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic multi molecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulations; emulsions–types of emulsions.
Hydrogen and s-block elements
Hydrogen: Element: unique position in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes; Dihydrogen: preparation, properties, reactions, and uses; Molecular, saline, ionic, covalent, interstitial hydrides; Water: Properties; Structure and aggregation of water molecules; Heavy water; Hydrogen peroxide: preparation, reaction, structure & use, Hydrogen as a fuel. s-block elements: Abundance and occurrence; Anomalous properties of the first elements in each group; diagonal relationships; trends in the variation of properties (ionization energy, atomic & ionic radii). Alkali metals: Lithium, sodium and potassium: occurrence, extraction, reactivity, and electrode potentials; Biological importance; Reactions with oxygen, hydrogen, halogens and water; Basic nature of oxides and hydroxides; Halides; Properties and uses of compounds such as NaCl, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, NaOH, KCl, and KOH. Alkaline earth metals: Magnesium and calcium: Occurrence, extraction, reactivity and electrode potentials; Reactions with O2, H2O, H2 and halogens; Solubility and thermal stability of oxo salts; Biological importance of Ca and Mg; Preparation, properties and uses of important compounds such as CaO, Ca(OH)2, plaster of Paris, MgSO4, MgCl2, CaCO3, and CaSO4.
p- d- and f-block elements
General: Abundance, distribution, physical and chemical properties, isolation and uses of elements; Trends in chemical reactivity of elements of a group; electronic configuration, oxidation states; anomalous properties of first element of each group. Group 13 elements: Boron; Properties and uses of borax, boric acid, boron hydrides & halides. Reaction of aluminum with acids and alkalis; Group 14 elements: Carbon: carbon catenation, physical & chemical properties, uses, allotropes (graphite, diamond, fullerenes), oxides, halides and sulphides, carbides; Silicon: Silica, silicates, silicone, silicon tetrachloride, Zeolites, and their uses Group 15 elements: Dinitrogen; Preparation, reactivity and uses of nitrogen; Industrial and biological nitrogen fixation; Compound of nitrogen; Ammonia: Haber’s process, properties and reactions; Oxides of nitrogen and their structures; Properties and Ostwald’s process of nitric acid production; Fertilizers – NPK type; Production of phosphorus; Allotropes of phosphorus; Preparation, structure and properties of hydrides, oxides, oxoacids (elementary idea only) and halides of phosphorus, phosphine. Group 16 elements: Isolation and chemical reactivity of dioxygen; Acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides; Preparation, structure and properties of ozone; Allotropes of sulphur; Preparation/production properties and uses of sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid; Structure and properties of oxides, oxoacids (structures only). Group 17 and group 18 elements: Structure and properties of hydrides, oxides, oxoacids of halogens (structures only); preparation, properties & uses of chlorine & HCl; Inter halogen compounds; Bleaching Powder; Uses of Group 18 elements, Preparation, structure and reactions of xenon fluorides, oxides, and oxoacids. d-Block elements: General trends in the chemistry of first row transition elements; Metallic character; Oxidation state; ionization enthalpy; Ionic radii; Color; Catalytic properties; Magnetic properties; Interstitial compounds; Occurrence and extraction of iron, copper, silver, zinc, and mercury; Alloy formation; Steel and some important alloys; preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 , KMnO4. f-Block elements: Lanthanoids and actinoids; Oxidation states and chemical reactivity of lanthanoids compounds; Lanthanide contraction and its consequences, Comparison of actinoids and lanthanoids. Coordination Compounds: Coordination number; Ligands; Werner’s coordination theory; IUPAC nomenclature; Application and importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems e.g. chlorophyll, vitamin B12, and hemoglobin); Bonding: Valence-bond approach, Crystal field theory (qualitative); Isomerism including stereoisomerisms.
Principles of Organic Chemistry and Hydrocarbons
Classification: General Introduction, classification based on functional groups, trivial and IUPAC nomenclature. Methods of purification: qualitative and quantitative, Electronic displacement in a covalent bond: Inductive, resonance effects, and hyperconjugation; free radicals; carbocations, carbanions, nucleophiles and electrophiles; types of organic reactions, free radial halogenations. Alkanes: Structural isomerism, general properties and chemical reactions, free redical helogenation, combustion and pyrolysis. 10.4 Alkenes and alkynes: Structure of double and triple bonded compounds; General methods of preparation and reactions, physical properties, electrophilic and free radical additions, addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides; (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition; acidic character of alkynes and (1,2 and 1,4) addition to dienes. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Sources; properties; isomerism; resonance delocalization; aromaticity; polynuclear hydrocarbons; IUPAC nomenclature; mechanism of electrophilic substitution reaction, directive influence and effect of substituents on reactivity; carcinogenicity and toxicity. Haloalkanes and haloarenes: Physical properties, nomenclature, optical rotation, chemical reactions and mechanism of substitution reaction. Uses and environmental effects; di, tri, tetrachloromethanes, iodoform, freon and DDT.
Stereochemistry
Conformations: Ethane conformations; Newman and Sawhorse projections. Geometrical isomerism in alkenes
Organic Compounds with Functional Groups Containing Oxygen and Nitrogen
General: Nomenclature, electronic structure, important methods of preparation, identification, important reactions, physical and chemical properties, uses of alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, nitro compounds, amines, diazonium salts, cyanides and isocyanides. Specific: Reactivity of alpha-hydrogen in carbonyl compounds, effect of substituents on alphacarbon on acid strength, comparative reactivity of acid derivatives, mechanism of nucleophilic addition and dehydration, basic character of amines, methods of preparation, and their separation, importance of diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry.
Biological, Industrial and Environmental chemistry
Carbohydrates: Classification; Monosaccharides; Structures of pentoses and hexoses; Simple chemical reactions of glucose, Disaccharides: reducing and non-reducing sugars – sucrose, maltose and lactose; Polysaccharides: elementary idea of structures of starch, cellulose and glycogen. Proteins: Amino acids; Peptide bond; Polypeptides; Primary structure of proteins; Simple idea of secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins; Denaturation of proteins and enzymes. Nucleic Acids: Types of nucleic acids; Primary building blocks of nucleic acids (chemical composition of DNA & RNA); Primary structure of DNA and its double helix.
Vitamins: Classification, structure, functions in biosystems; Hormones. Polymers: Classification of polymers; General methods of polymerization; Molecular mass of polymers; Biopolymers and biodegradable polymers; methods of polymerization (free radical, cationic and anionic addition polymerizations); Copolymerization: Natural rubber; Vulcanization of rubber; Synthetic rubbers. Condensation polymers. Some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, and rubber. Pollution: Environmental pollutants; soil, water and air pollution; Chemical reactions in atmosphere; Smog; Major atmospheric pollutants; Acid rain; Ozone and its reactions; Depletion of ozone layer and its effects; Industrial air pollution; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Green Chemistry, study for control of environmental pollution. Chemicals in medicine, health-care and food: Analgesics, Tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, anti-microbials, anti-fertility drugs, antihistamines, antibiotics, antacids; Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, antioxidants, soaps and detergents.
Theoretical Principles of Experimental Chemistry
Volumetric Analysis: Principles; Standard solutions of sodium carbonate and oxalic acid; Acidbase titrations; Redox reactions involving KI, H2SO4, Na2SO3, Na2S2O3 and H2S; Potassium permanganate in acidic, basic and neutral media; Titrations of oxalic acid, ferrous ammonium sulphate with KMnO4, K2 Cr2O7/Na2S2O3, Cu(II)/Na2S2O3. Qualitative analysis of Inorganic Salts: Principles in the determination of the cations Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Mn2+, Al3+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4 +, Fe3+, Ni2+ and the anions CO3 2- , S2- , SO4 2- , SO3 2- , NO2 – , NO3 – , Cl- , Br- , I- , PO4 3- , CH3COO- , C2O4 2- . Physical Chemistry Experiments: preparation and crystallization of alum, copper sulphate. Benzoic acid ferrous sulphate, double salt of alum and ferrous sulphate, potassium ferric sulphate; Temperature vs. solubility; Study of pH charges by common ion effect in case of weak acids and weak bases; pH measurements of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solutions of known and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator; Lyophilic and lyophobic sols; Dialysis; Role of emulsifying agents in emulsification. Equilibrium studies involving ferric and thiocyanate ions (ii) [Co(H2O)6] 2+ and chloride ions; Enthalpy determination for strong acid vs. strong base neutralization reaction (ii) hydrogen bonding interaction between acetone and chloroform; Rates of the reaction between (i) sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, (ii) potassium iodate and sodium sulphite (iii) iodide vs. hydrogen peroxide, concentration and temperature effects in these reactions. Purification Methods: Filtration, crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography. Principles of melting point and boiling point determination; principles of paper chromatographic separation – Rf values. Qualitative Analysis of Organic Compounds: Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorous and halogens; Detection of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in foodstuff; Detection of alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic, amino groups and unsaturation. Principles of Organic Chemistry Experiments: Preparation of, acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, dibenzayl acetone, aniline yellow, beta-naphthol-aniline dye. Basic Laboratory Technique: Cutting glass tube and glass rod, bending a glass tube, drawing out a glass jet, boring of cork.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026 – Part III: (a) English Proficiency and (b) Logical Reasoning
(a) English Proficiency
This test is designed to assess the test takers’ general proficiency in the use of English language as a means of self-expression in real life situations. It specifically tests the test takers’ knowledge of basic grammar, their vocabulary, their ability to read fast and comprehend, and also their ability to apply the elements of effective writing.
Section
Topics
Grammar
Determiners, Prepositions, Modals, Adjectives, Relative Pronouns Agreement, Time and Tense Parallel Construction Voice, Transformation Question Tags, Relative Clauses
Vocabulary
Odd Word, One Word, Spelling & Word Formation, Homophones Contextual Meanings of Vocabulary (Definitions, Academic Vocabulary, Connotation) Synonyms, Antonyms, Collocations Phrasal Verbs & Idioms Analogy
Reading Comprehension
Content/Ideas (Finding Main Ideas, Reaching Conclusions Using Supporting Evidence, Anticipation of Ideas, Distinguishing Facts from Opinions) Vocabulary (Figurative Usage: Metaphors and Similes; Select CLOZE) Summary (Findings from Options the Correct Summary) Referents Reorganization of Information (Jigsaw Reading)
Composition
Rearrangement (Word Order; Logical Organization of Paragraph) Paragraph & Unity (Identifying the Correct Topic Sentence;) Linkers/Connectives
(b) Logical Reasoning
The test is given to the candidates to judge their power of reasoning spread in verbal and nonverbal areas. The candidates should be able to think logically so that they perceive the data accurately, understand the relationships correctly, figure out the missing numbers or words, and apply rules in novel contexts. These indicators are measured through performance on such tasks as detecting missing links, following directions, classifying words, establishing sequences, and completing analogies.
Section
Topics
Verbal Reasoning
Analogy: Analogy means correspondence. In the questions based on analogy, a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to be identified from the alternatives provided. Classification: Classification means to assort the items of a given group on the basis of certain common quality they possess and then spot the odd option out. Series Completion: Here series of numbers or letters are given and one is asked to either complete the series or find out the wrong part in the series. Logical Deduction: Reading Passage: Here a brief passage is given and based on the passage the candidate is required to identify the correct or incorrect logical conclusions. Chart Logic: Here a chart or a table is given that is partially filled in and asks to complete it in accordance with the information given either in the chart / table or in the question.
Nonverbal Reasoning
Pattern Perception: Here a certain pattern is given and generally a quarter is left blank. The candidate is required to identify the correct quarter from the given options. Figure Formation and Analysis: Here the candidate is required to analyze and form a figure from the various given parts. Paper Cutting: Here the candidate analyses a pattern that is formed when a folded piece of paper is cut into a definite design. Figure Matrix: Here the candidate is given more than one set of figures in the form of a matrix, which follow the same rule. The candidate is required to follow the rule and identify the missing figure. Rule Detection: Here a particular rule is given and the candidate is required to select from the given sets of figures, a set of figures, which obey the rule and form the correct series.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026 – Part IV: Mathematics
Sections
Topics
Algebra
Complex numbers, addition, multiplication, conjugation, polar representation, properties of modulus and principal argument, triangle inequality, roots of complex numbers, geometric interpretations; Fundamental theorem of algebra. Theory of Quadratic equations, quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions. Arithmetic and geometric progressions, arithmetic, geometric and arithmetico geometric series, sums of finite arithmetic and geometric progressions, infinite geometric series, sums of squares and cubes of the first n natural numbers. Logarithms and their properties. Exponential series. Permutations and combinations, Permutations as an arrangement and combination as selection, simple applications. Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, properties of binomial coefficients, Pascal’s triangle Matrices and determinants of order two or three, properties and evaluation of determinants, addition and multiplication of matrices, adjoint and inverse of matrices, Solutions of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables, elementary row and column operations of matrices, Types of matrices, applications of determinants in finding the area of triangles. Sets, Relations and Functions, algebra of sets applications, equivalence relations, mappings, one to one, into and onto mappings, composition of mappings, binary operation, inverse of function, functions of real variables like polynomial, modulus, signum and greatest integer. Mathematical reasoning and methods of proofs, mathematically acceptable statements. Connecting words/phrases – consolidating the understanding of “if and only if (necessary and sufficient) condition”, “implies”, “and/or”, “implied” by”, “and”, “or”, “there exists” and through variety of examples related to real life and Mathematics. Validating the statements involving the connecting words – difference between contradiction, converse and contra positive, Mathematical induction Linear Inequalities, solution of linear inequalities in one variable (Algebraic) and two variables (Graphical).
Trigonometry
Measurement of angles in radians and degrees, positive and negative angles, trigonometric ratios, functions with their graphs and identities. Solution of trigonometric equations. Inverse trigonometric functions
Two-dimensional Coordinate Geometry
Cartesian coordinates, distance between two points, section formulae, shift of origin. Straight lines and pair of straight lines: Equation of straight lines in various forms, angle between two lines, distance of a point from a line, lines through the point of intersection of two given lines, equation of the bisector of the angle between two lines, concurrent lines. Circles: Equation of circle in standard form, parametric equations of a circle. Conic sections: parabola, ellipse and hyperbola their eccentricity, directrices & foci
Three dimensional Coordinate Geometry
Co-ordinate axes and co-ordinate planes, distance between two points, section formula, direction cosines and direction ratios, equation of a straight line in space and skew lines. Angle between two lines whose direction ratios are given, shortest distance between two lines. Equation of a plane, distance of a point from a plane, condition for coplanarity of three lines, angles between two planes, angle between a line and a plane.
Differential calculus
Domain and range of a real valued function, Limits and Continuity of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, Differentiability. Derivative of different types of functions (polynomial, rational, trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, implicit functions), derivative of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, chain rule, parametric form. Geometric interpretation of derivative, Tangents and Normal. Increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of a function. Rolle’s Theorem, Mean Value Theorem and Intermediate Value Theorem.
Integral calculus
Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, indefinite integrals of standard functions. Methods of integration: Integration by substitution, Integration by parts, integration by partial fractions, and integration by trigonometric identities. Definite integrals and their properties, Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus, applications in finding areas under simple curves. Application of definite integrals to the determination of areas of regions bounded by simple curves.
Ordinary Differential Equations
Order and degree of a differential equation, formulation of a differential equation whole general solution is given, variables separable method. Solution of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree Linear first order differential equations
Probability
Various terminology in probability, axiomatic and other approaches of probability, addition and multiplication rules of probability. Conditional probability, total probability and Baye’s theorem Independent events Discrete random variables and distributions with mean and variance
Vectors
Direction ratio/cosines of vectors, addition of vectors, scalar multiplication, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Dot and cross products of two vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Scalar triple products and their geometrical interpretations.
Statistics
Measures of dispersion Analysis of frequency distributions with equal means but different variances
Linear Programming
Various terminology and formulation of linear Programming Solution of linear Programming using graphical method, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (upto three nonitrivial constraints)
Mathematical modeling
Formulation of simple real life problem, solution using matrices, calculus and linear programming.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026 – Part IV: Biology
Section
Topics
Diversity in Living World
Biology – its meaning and relevance to mankind What is living; Taxonomic categories and aids; Systematics and Binomial system of nomenclature.
Introductory classification of living organisms (Two-kingdom system, Five-kingdom system); Plant kingdom – Salient features of major groups (Algae to Angiosperms);
Animal kingdom – Salient features of Nonchordates up to phylum, and Chordates up to class level
Cell: The Unit of Life; Structure and Function
Cell wall; Cell membrane; Endomembrane system (ER, Golgi apparatus/Dictyosome, Lysosomes, Vacuoles); Mitochondria; Plastids; Ribosomes; Cytoskeleton; Cilia and Flagella; Centrosome and Centriole; Nucleus; Microbodies.
Structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and between plant and animal cells.
Cell cycle (various phases); Mitosis; Meiosis. Biomolecules – Structure and function of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids.
Enzymes – Chemical nature, types, properties and mechanism of action.
Genetics and Evolution
Mendelian inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Gene interaction; Incomplete dominance; Co-dominance; Complementary genes; Multiple alleles;
Linkage and Crossing over; Inheritance patterns of hemophilia and blood groups in humans.
DNA –its organization and replication; Transcription and Translation;
Gene expression and regulation; DNA fingerprinting.
Theories and evidences of evolution, including modern Darwinism.
Structure and Function – Plants
Morphology of a flowering plant; Tissues and tissue systems in plants; Anatomy and function of root, stem (including modifications), leaf, inflorescence, flower (including position and arrangement of different whorls, placentation), fruit and seed; Types of fruit; Secondary growth; XXIV
Absorption and movement of water (including diffusion, osmosis and water relations of cell) and of nutrients; Translocation of food; Transpiration and gaseous exchange; Mechanism of stomatal movement.
Mineral nutrition – Macro- and micro-nutrients in plants including deficiency disorders; Biological nitrogen fixation mechanism. Photosynthesis – Light reaction, cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; various pathways of carbon dioxide fixation; Photorespiration; Limiting factors. Respiration – Anaerobic, Fermentation, Aerobic; Glycolysis, TCA cycle; Electron transport system; Energy relations.
Structure and Function – Animals
Human Physiology – Digestive system – organs, digestion and absorption; Respiratory system – organs, breathing and exchange and transport of gases. Body fluids and circulation – Blood, lymph, double circulation, regulation of cardiac activity; Hypertension, Coronary artery diseases. Excretion system – Urine formation, regulation of kidney function Locomotion and movement – Skeletal system, joints, muscles, types of movement.
Control and co-ordination – Central and peripheral nervous systems, structure and function of neuron, reflex action and sensory reception; Role of various types of endocrine glands; Mechanism of hormone action.
Reproduction, Growth and Movement in Plants
Asexual methods of reproduction;
Sexual Reproduction – Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination (Types and agents); Fertilization; Development of embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit (including parthenocarpy and elminth).
Growth and Movement – Growth phases; Types of growth regulators and their role in seed dormancy, germination and movement;
Male and female reproductive systems; Menstrual cycle; Gamete production; Fertilisation; Implantation; Embryo development; Pregnancy and parturition; Birth control and contraception.
Ecology and Environment
Meaning of ecology, environment, habitat and niche. Ecological levels of organization (organism to biosphere); Characteristics of Species, Population, Biotic Community and Ecosystem; Succession and Climax. Ecosystem – Biotic and abiotic components; Ecological pyramids; Food chain and Food web; Energy flow; Major types of ecosystems including agroecosystem. Ecological adaptations – Structural and physiological features in plants and animals of aquatic and desert habitats. Biodiversity and Environmental Issues – Meaning, types and conservation strategies (Biosphere reserves, National parks and Sanctuaries), Air and Water Pollution (sources and major pollutants); Global warming and Climate change; Ozone depletion; Noise pollution; Radioactive pollution; Methods of pollution control (including an idea of bioremediation); Deforestation; Extinction of species (Hot Spots).
Biology and Human Welfare
Animal husbandry – Livestock, Poultry, Fisheries; Major animal diseases and their control. Pathogens of major communicable diseases of humans caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoans and helminthes, and their control. Cancer; AIDS. Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse; Basic concepts of immunology. Plant Breeding and Tissue Culture in crop improvement.
Biotechnology and its Applications
Microbes as ideal system for biotechnology; Microbial technology in food processing, industrial production (alcohol, acids, enzymes, antibiotics), sewage treatment and energy generation. Steps in recombinant DNA technology – restriction enzymes, NA insertion by vectors and other methods, regeneration of recombinants Applications of R-DNA technology in human health –Production of Insulin, Vaccines and Growth hormones, Organ transplant, Gene therapy. Applications in Industry and Agriculture – Production of expensive enzymes, strain improvement to scale up bioprocesses, GM crops by transfer of genes for nitrogen fixation, herbicide-resistance and pest-resistance including Bt crops.
